Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis) — Not Just a Sports Injury

What is tennis elbow?

Tennis elbow, or lateral epicondylitis, is a condition that develops due to overuse of the forearm muscles that attach to the outer part of the elbow (lateral epicondyle). Micro-trauma occurs, followed by inflammatory changes at the tendon’s attachment to the bone.

Interestingly, only 5% of tennis players develop epicondylitis — this condition is far more common among tradespeople, manual workers, and office workers.

Who is at risk?

Risk groups include:

• Tennis players and recreational athletes
• Electricians and plumbers
• Painters and bricklayers
• Carpenters and butchers
• Office workers (intensive keyboard and mouse use)

How is tennis elbow treated?

Treatment occurs in three phases:

Acute phase — pain and inflammation reduction

• Laser therapy
• TENS (electrotherapy)
• Cold packs
• Rest and joint protection

Recovery phase — dry needling and rehabilitation

Dry needling gives excellent results in treating tennis elbow. Research shows a 50% reduction in pain after just the first treatment. The technique is applied directly to the trigger point in the muscle.

Stabilization phase — preventing recurrence

• Eccentric exercises for forearm muscles
• Strengthening shoulder and scapular stabilizers
• Ergonomic workplace adaptations
• Choosing appropriate sports equipment

Prognosis

With consistent treatment, most patients fully recover within 3–6 months. Without treatment, symptoms can become chronic and last for years.